Mars Challenge - historical missions

Mission	Country	Launch Date	Purpose	Results
Marsnik 1	Ussr	10/10/60	Mars flyby	did not reach earth orbit
Marsnik 2	Ussr	10/14/60	Mars flyby	did not reach earth orbit
Sputnik 22	Ussr	10/24/62	Mars flyby	achieved earth orbit only
Mars 1	Ussr	11/1/62	Mars flyby	radio failed at 65.9 million miles (106 million kilometers)
Sputnik 24	Ussr	11/4/62	Mars flyby	achieved earth orbit only
Mariner 3	U.s.	11/5/64	Mars flyby	shroud failed to jettison
Mariner 4	U.s.	11/28/64	first successful Mars flyby 7/14/65	returned 21 photos
Zond 2	Ussr	11/30/64	Mars flyby	passed Mars but radio failed,returned no planetary data
Mariner 6	U.s.	2/24/69	Mars flyby 7/31/69	returned 75 photos
Mariner 7	U.s.	3/27/69	Mars flyby 8/5/69	returned 126 photos
Mars 1969A	Ussr	3/27/69	Mars orbiter	did not reach earth orbit
Mars 1969B	Ussr	4/2/69	Mars orbiter	failed during launch
Mariner 8	U.s.	5/8/71	Mars orbiter	failed during launch
Kosmos 419	Ussr	5/10/71	Mars lander	achieved earth orbit only
Mars 2	Ussr	5/19/71	Mars orbiter/lander arrived 11/27/71	no useful data, lander burned up due to steep entry
Mars 3	Ussr	5/28/71	Mars orbiter/lander arrived 12/3/71	lander operated on surface for 20 seconds before failing
Mariner 9	U.s.	5/30/71	Mars orbiter	operated in orbit 11/13/71 to 10/27/72, returned 7,329 photos
Mars 4	Ussr	7/21/73	failed Mars orbiter	flew past Mars 2/10/74
Mars 5	Ussr	7/25/73	Mars orbiter	arrived 2/12/74, lasted a few days
Mars 6	Ussr	8/5/73	Mars flyby module and lander	arrived 3/12/74, lander failed due to fast impact
Mars 7	Ussr	8/9/73	Mars flyby module and lander	arrived 3/9/74, lander missed the planet
Viking 1	U.s.	8/20/75	Mars orbiter/lander	orbit 6/19/76-1980, lander 7/20/76-1982
Viking 2	U.s.	9/9/75	Mars orbiter/lander	orbit 8/7/76- 1987, lander 9/3/76-1980; combined, the Viking orbit- ers and landers returned more than 50,000 photos
Phobos 1	Ussr	7/7/88	Mars orbiter and Phobos lander	lost 8/88 en route to Mars
Phobos 2	Ussr	7/12/88	Mars orbiter and Phobos lander	lost 3/89 near Phobos
Mars Observer	U.s.	9/25/92	Mars orbiter	lost just before Mars arrival 8/21/93
Mars Global Surveyor	U.s.	11/7/96	Mars orbiter	arrived 9/12/97, high-detail mapping through 1/00, third extended mission completed 9/06, last communication 11/2/06
Mars 96	Russia	1/16/96	orbiter two landers/two pen- etrators	launch vehicle failed
Mars Pathfinder	U.s.	12/4/96	Mars lander/rover	landed 7/4/97, completed prime mission and began extended mission 8/3/97, last transmission 9/27/97
Nozomi	Japan	7/4/98	Mars orbiter	failed to enter orbit 12/03
Mars Climate Orbiter	U.s.	12/11/98		lost upon ar- rival 9/23/99
Mars Polar Lander/Deep Space 2	U.s.	1/3/99	lander/two penetrators	lost on arrival 12/3/99
Mars Odyssey	U.s.	3/7/01	Mars orbiter	arrived 10/24/01, completed prime mission 8/25/04, currently conducting extended mission of science and communi- cation relay
Mars Express/Beagle 2	European Space Agency	6/2/03	Mars orbiter/lander	orbiter completed prime mission 11/05, currently in extended mission; lander lost on arrival 12/25/03
Mars Exploration Rover Spirit	U.s.	6/10/03	Mars rover	landed 1/4/04 for three-month prime mission inside Gusev Crater, completed several extended mis- sions, last communication 3/22/10
Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity	U.s.	7/7/03	Mars rover	landed 1/25/04 for three-month prime mis- sion in Meridiani Planum region, currently conducting extended mission
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter	U.s.	8/12/05	Mars orbiter	arrived 3/12/06, completed prime mission 9/26/10, currently conducting extended mission of sci- ence and communication relay
Phoenix Mars Lander	U.s.	8/4/07	Mars lander	landed 5/25/08, completed prime mission and began extended mission 8/26/08, last communication 11/2/08